1. Na'urar musamman
Don rage canjin girman tabo mai mahimmanci wanda ya haifar da canjin girman katako na farko, masana'anta na tsarin yankan laser suna ba da wasu na'urori na musamman don masu amfani don zaɓar:
(1) Mai hada baki.Wannan hanya ce ta gama gari, wato, ana ƙara collimator zuwa ƙarshen fitarwa na CO2 Laser don sarrafa haɓakawa.Bayan fadadawa, diamita na katako ya zama ya fi girma kuma kusurwar bambancin ya zama ƙarami, don haka girman katako kafin ƙarshen kusa da ƙarshen mayar da hankali yana kusa da guda ɗaya a cikin kewayon aiki.
(2) Ƙarƙashin ƙananan ƙananan motsi na ruwan tabarau mai motsi yana ƙarawa zuwa ga yanke kai, wanda shine sassa biyu masu zaman kansu tare da axis na Z da ke sarrafa nisa tsakanin bututun ƙarfe da saman kayan.Lokacin da kayan aikin na'urar ke motsawa ko axis na gani yana motsawa, F-axis na katako yana motsawa daga ƙarshen kusa zuwa ƙarshen nesa a lokaci guda, ta yadda diamita tabo ya kasance iri ɗaya a duk yankin sarrafawa bayan katako yana mai da hankali.
(3) Sarrafa matsa lamba na ruwa na ruwan tabarau mai mai da hankali (yawanci tsarin mayar da hankali akan ƙarfe).Idan girman katako kafin mayar da hankali ya zama karami kuma diamita na wurin mai da hankali ya zama girma, ana sarrafa matsa lamba na ruwa ta atomatik don canza karkatar da hankali don rage diamita na wurin mai da hankali.
(4) The ramu Tantancewar hanya tsarin a cikin X da Y kwatance an kara zuwa tashi Tantancewar hanyar yankan inji.Wato, lokacin da hanyar gani na ƙarshen ƙarshen yanke ya karu, ana taqaitaccen hanyar ramuwa;Akasin haka, lokacin da aka rage hanyar gani kusa da ƙarshen yankewa, ana haɓaka hanyar gani na ramuwa don kiyaye tsayin hanya madaidaiciya.
2. Yanke da fasahohin huda
Duk wani nau'in fasahar yankan zafin jiki, sai dai 'yan lokuta da za su iya farawa daga gefen farantin, gabaɗaya dole ne a huda ƙaramin rami a kan farantin.A baya can, a cikin na'ura mai ɗaukar hoto ta Laser, an buga wani rami tare da naushi, sannan a yanke shi daga ƙaramin rami tare da laser.Don injunan yankan Laser ba tare da na'urar stamping ba, akwai hanyoyin asali guda biyu na perforation:
(1) fashewar fashewa: bayan kayan da aka lalata ta hanyar ci gaba da laser, an kafa rami a tsakiya, sa'an nan kuma an cire narkakkar kayan da sauri ta hanyar iskar oxygen ta coaxial tare da katako na laser don samar da rami.Gabaɗaya, girman ramin yana da alaƙa da kauri na farantin.Matsakaicin diamita na rami mai fashewa shine rabin kauri na farantin.Saboda haka, diamita mai fashewa na farantin mai kauri yana da girma kuma ba zagaye ba.Bai dace a yi amfani da shi akan sassan da ke da buƙatu masu girma ba (kamar bututun allo na mai), amma akan sharar gida kawai.Bugu da ƙari, saboda matsi na iskar oxygen da ake amfani da su don perforation daidai yake da wanda aka yi amfani da shi don yankan, fantsama yana da girma.
Bugu da kari, bugun bugun jini kuma yana buƙatar ingantaccen tsarin kula da hanyar iskar gas don gane canjin nau'in iskar gas da iskar gas da sarrafa lokacin huɗa.A cikin hali na bugun jini perforation, domin samun high quality-incision, da miƙa mulki fasaha daga bugun jini perforation a lokacin da workpiece ne a tsaye zuwa akai gudun ci gaba da yankan na workpiece kamata a biya hankali.A ka'ida, ana iya canza yanayin yanke na sashin haɓakawa yawanci, kamar tsayi mai tsayi, matsayi na bututun ƙarfe, matsa lamba gas, da sauransu, amma a zahiri, yana da wuya a canza yanayin da ke sama saboda ɗan gajeren lokaci.
3. Nozzle zane da fasahar sarrafa kwararar iska
Lokacin da Laser yankan karfe, oxygen da mayar da hankali Laser katako ana harbi zuwa yanke abu ta cikin bututun ƙarfe, don samar da iska kwarara katako.Babban abin da ake buƙata don kwararar iska shi ne cewa iskar da ke gudana a cikin incision ya kamata ya zama babba kuma saurin ya zama babba, don haka isassun iskar iskar shaka na iya sa kayan incision ɗin ya zama cikakkiyar halayen exothermic;A lokaci guda kuma, akwai isasshen kuzari don fesa da busa narkakkar kayan.Sabili da haka, ban da ingancin katako da sarrafa shi kai tsaye yana shafar ingancin yankan, ƙirar bututun ƙarfe da kula da kwararar iska (kamar bututun bututun ƙarfe, matsayi na aikin aiki a cikin iska, da sauransu. ) suma abubuwa ne masu matukar muhimmanci.Ƙunƙarar bututun ƙarfe don yankan Laser yana ɗaukar tsari mai sauƙi, wato, ramin conical tare da ƙaramin rami madauwari a ƙarshen.Ana amfani da gwaje-gwaje da hanyoyin kuskure don ƙira.
Saboda bututun ƙarfe gabaɗaya an yi shi da jan ƙarfe kuma yana da ƙaramin ƙara, sashi ne mai rauni kuma yana buƙatar sauyawa akai-akai, don haka ba a aiwatar da lissafin hydrodynamic da bincike.Lokacin da ake amfani da shi, ana gabatar da iskar gas tare da wani matsa lamba PN (ma'auni PG) daga gefen bututun ƙarfe, wanda ake kira matsa lamba.Ana fitar da shi daga bututun bututun ƙarfe kuma ya isa farfajiyar aikin ta wani ɗan nesa.Ana kiran matsin lamba da PC, kuma a ƙarshe gas ɗin ya faɗaɗa zuwa matsa lamba na yanayi PA.Ayyukan bincike sun nuna cewa tare da karuwar PN, saurin gudu yana ƙaruwa kuma PC kuma yana ƙaruwa.
Za a iya amfani da dabara mai zuwa don ƙididdigewa: v = 8.2d2 (PG + 1) V - ƙimar iskar gas L / hankali - bututun ƙarfe diamita MMPg - matsa lamba (matsa lamba) mashaya
Akwai ƙofofin matsa lamba daban-daban don iskar gas daban-daban.Lokacin da matsin bututun ƙarfe ya wuce wannan ƙimar, kwararar iskar iskar gas ɗin girgiza ce ta al'ada, kuma saurin kwararar iskar gas yana wucewa daga subsonic zuwa supersonic.Wannan madaidaicin yana da alaƙa da rabon PN da PA da matakin 'yanci (n) na ƙwayoyin iskar gas: alal misali, n = 5 na oxygen da iska, don haka ƙofar PN = 1bar × (1.2) 3.5 = 1.89bar. da bututun ƙarfe matsa lamba ne mafi girma, PN / PA = (1 + 1 / N) 1 + n / 2 (PN; 4bar), iska kwarara ne na al'ada, da oblique buga hatimi zama tabbatacce girgiza, da yankan matsa lamba PC, da iska Gudun gudu yana raguwa, kuma an samar da igiyoyin ruwa a kan farfajiyar aiki, wanda ke raunana rawar iska wajen cire narkakkar kayan kuma yana shafar saurin yankewa.Don haka, bututun bututun mai tare da ramin conical da ƙaramin rami zagaye a ƙarshen an karɓi shi, kuma bututun bututun iskar oxygen sau da yawa ƙasa da 3bar.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-26-2022
